مستوى الضعف القرائي باستخدام الوعي الصوتي لدى تلامذة صعوبات التعلم في المرحلة الابتدائية

اولا : المصادر العربية المترجمة للاجنبية :

- Abdel Bari, Maher Shaaban (2017). The effectiveness of the spelling glossary strategy in developing phonological awareness and alphabetical writing skills for primary school students, Reading and Knowledge Magazine, Egyptian Society for Reading and Knowledge, College of Education, Ain Al-Shams University, Issue (188).

- Abdel-Aal, Muhanna Muhammad (2017). The degree to which first grade teachers practice phonological awareness skills and their relationship to the oral and written language of their students, unpublished master’s thesis, College of Graduate Studies, The Hashemite University, Jordan.

- Abu Al-Diyar, Massad, and others (2012). Dictionary of learning difficulties terms and vocabulary, 2nd edition, Kuwait, Child Evaluation and Education Center.

- Abu Al-Diyar, Saad Najah (2011). Phonological awareness and its relationship to reading comprehension among a sample of primary school students, Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, Egypt, vol. 21, no. 71, pp. 487-525.

- Abu Mandal, Amin Sarhi (2018). The effect of phonological awareness training on developing reading skills among fourth-grade students with learning difficulties in resource rooms in Gaza, unpublished master’s thesis, College of Education, Al-Azhar University, Gaza.

- Ahmed, Abeer Tartous (2016). The effectiveness of a training program to improve the level of phonological awareness and its impact on improving the reading level of students with reading difficulties, Psychological Counseling Center, Ain Shams University, 45, pp. 177-222.

- Aino, Abdullah (2020). Reading Difficulties (Diagnosis-Treatment), Dar Osama for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.

- Al Tuwaim, Jawhara bint Abdulaziz and Al Sari’i, Abdullah bin Mohammed (2015). The extent to which my language book for the first grade of primary school includes activities for developing phonemic awareness skills, Journal of Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, Saudi Arabia, 60, pp. 323-354.

- Al-Ajami, Muhammad bin Saleh bin Muhammad and Al-Balushi, Dina bint Hamad bin Saeed (2020). Manifestations of reading weakness among first year students in the North Al Batinah Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman as seen by teachers in the first field, International Specialized Educational Journal, Volume 9, Issue 3, Sultanate of Oman.

- Al-Baja, Abdel Fattah Hassan (2002). Methods of teaching Arabic language skills and literature, Al-Ain, Dar Al-Kitab University.

- Al-Barbari, Ali Muhammad (2020). Phonological awareness and its relationship to self-confidence among students with learning difficulties in light of some democratic factors, unpublished master’s thesis, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University.

- Al-Batayneh, Osama Muhammad et al. (2005). Educational studies in methods of teaching the Arabic language, Amman, Dar Al-Radwan, 1st edition, Amman, Jordan.

- Al-Harithi, Sobhi bin Saeed (2019). The effectiveness of a program based on mind maps to improve reading comprehension and attitudes toward reading among students with difficulties learning to read, Umm Al-Qura University Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 10 (2), pp. 13-57.

- Al-Hashimi, Abdullah Muslim et al. (2016). Common manifestations of reading weakness among students in the first cycle of basic education in the Sultanate of Oman, as seen by teachers in the first field, Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Volume 17, Issue 4, Sultanate of Oman, pp. 474-496.

- Al-Hawamdeh, Muhammad (2010). Errors in reading aloud in the Arabic language among third grade students in Irbid Governorate and their relationship to some variables, Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, Irbid, Jordan. Retrieved from sitehttp//www.search.ma: ndumeh.com/ Record/ 833346

- Al-Hilali, Hoda Muhammad Mahmoud (2012) The effectiveness of narrative activities in developing phonological awareness skills and its impact on the language skills of kindergarten children, Journal of Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, vol. 3, no. 23, pp. 176-206.

- Al-Kuri, Abdullah Ali (2012). Analysis of the common difficulties in reading aloud among students in the second cycle of basic education in Yemen, Scientific Journal - 18 (3), pp. 116-145.

- Al-Sartawi, Abdulaziz et al. (2009). Diagnosis and treatment of reading difficulties, Dar Wael, Amman, Jordan.

- Al-Sawy, Mahmoud (2011). (20) Principles in Language Teaching and Learning Curricula, Mayadeen Electronic Network, p. 2, retrieved from the website www.alukah.net.

- Al-Shaboul, Youssef et al. (2013). Do Jordanian students have phonological awareness: a descriptive study, Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Bahrain, issue 1 (2), 37-54.

- Al-Waini, Ibtisam Sahib (2014) Causes of reading weakness among primary school students from the point of view of male and female teachers in Babylon Governorate, Babylon University Journal for the Human Sciences, Volume 22, Issue 6, pp. 1722-1740.

- Attia, Mohsen Ali (2008). Linguistic Communication Skills and Teaching, Dar Al-Murhaj, Amman, Jordan.

- Bel Laroussi, Marwa (2020). A training program to treat phonological dyslexia among a sample of fourth-year primary school students, unpublished master’s thesis, University of Martyr Hama Lakhdar El Oued, Algeria.

- Berro, Muhammad (2014). Special learning difficulties among fifth-year students who fail the final examination for primary school, Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, No. 15.

- Boutros, Hafez Boutros (2014). Teaching Children with Learning Difficulties, (3rd edition), Amman: Dar Al Masirah for Publishing and Distribution.

- Daniel, Hallahan et al (2007). Learning difficulties (its concept - nature - remedial education), translated by (Adel Abdullah Muhammad), Amman, Dar Al-Fikr for Publishing and Distribution.

- Hassan Ahmed Hassan Hanafi (2021). A conversational training program based on guided play to develop phonological awareness skills in children with specific language disorder, unpublished master’s thesis, Faculty of Science for People with Special Needs, Beni Suef University.

- Hassani, Omar Muhammad Omar (2020). Reading and writing weakness among primary school students, its causes and treatment, Scientific Journal of the College of Education, Volume 36, Issue 4, Assiut University, Egypt.

- Khawaldeh, Fatima Mahmoud Fayyad (2017). The effectiveness of a proposed strategy based on the integrative listening process model in improving phonological awareness and imaginative thinking among ninth-grade female students, doctoral dissertation, unpublished, College of Education, Yarmouk University, Jordan.

- Khoja, Asmaa (2019). Difficulties in learning to read among primary school students: A field study in some primary schools in the city of M’sila, Al Jami’ Journal of Psychological Studies and Educational Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf University of M’sila, Volume (4), Issue (1), pp. 101-128.

- Lakl, Ahlam (2019). Reading weakness among primary school students - the third year as a model, unpublished master’s thesis, Faculty of Arts and Languages, University of May 8, 1945, list.

- Lotfy, Yasmine Al-Sayed (2022). The effectiveness of the self-questioning strategy in naming the reading comprehension skills of primary school students with difficulties learning to read, unpublished master’s thesis, Faculty of Disability and Rehabilitation Sciences, Zagazig University, Egypt.

- Lotfy, Yasmine Al-Sayed (2022). The effectiveness of the self-questioning strategy in developing reading comprehension skills among primary school students with difficulties learning to read, unpublished master’s thesis, Faculty of Disability and Rehabilitation Sciences, Zagazig University.

- Matar Abdel Fattah and Salama, Wassef Muhammad (2009). The effectiveness of a computer-based program in developing phonological awareness and its impact on working memory and linguistic skills among people with difficulties learning to read, Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, 3 (1), 169-213.

- Muhammad, Adel Abdullah (2006). A battery of tests for some pre-academic skills for kindergarten children as indicators of learning difficulties, Cairo, Dar Al-Rashad.

- Muhammad, Adel Abdullah (2021). Measure of phonological awareness for normal children and those with disabilities, Cairo, Horus International Publishing and Distribution House.

- Mustafa, Rehab Muhammad (2018). The effectiveness of a proposed program for developing phonological awareness among first-grade female students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Reading and Knowledge Magazine, 196, pp. 17-90.

- Mustafa, Rehab Muhammad (2018). The effectiveness of a proposed program for developing phonological awareness among first-grade female students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Reading and Knowledge Magazine, 1996, pp. 17-90.

- Suleiman, Jihad Ali Al-Atris (2022). The effectiveness of a training program based on the Montessori approach in developing phonemic awareness among kindergarten children at risk of learning difficulties, unpublished master’s thesis, Faculty of Disability and Rehabilitation Sciences, Zagazig University.

- Younis, Fathi Ali (2008). Strategies for teaching the Arabic language at the secondary level, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo.

ثانيا : المصادر الاجنبية

- Bednorek, D. Saldana, D., & Garcial, I., (2009). Visualversus phonological abilities in Spanish dyslexic boys and girl. Brain and cognition, 70, -273- 278.

- Bishara, Said (2020). Association between phonological Awareness and Reading comprehension among special- Education children in Arab Elementary schools, International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, Do1: 10. 1080/1034912X.

- Carroll, J., snowling, M. & Charles, s. (2009). The development of phonological awareness in preschool, children developmental psychology, 39, (5), p913- 923.

- Gillon, G.T. (2005). Facilitating phoneme Awareness Development in 3- and 4- year old children with speech Impairment Language, speech, and Hearing Services in Schools Clinical Foruml Oct 2005.https://doi.org/1044/0161-1461. (2005/031).

- Hogan, T; Catts, H; Little, T. (2005). The relationhip between phonological awareness and reading implications for the assessment of phonological awereness. Language, Speech, and Hearing Serrices In schools, 36,285- 293.

- Hsin, Y. (2007). Effects of phonological awareness instruction on pre- reading skills of preshool children at- risk for reading disabilities The Ohio state University, pro Quest Dissertations.

- Leidig, T, Grunke, M., Urton, K., knaak, T., & it isgen, s. (2018). The effects of the RAR strategy used in a peer- tutoring setting to foster reading comprehension in high – risk fourth graders. Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, 16 (2), p321-253.

- Pennington, B. f. (2009). Diagnosing Learning disorders: A neuropsychological framework, New York, Guilford.

- Roth, K. A. (2015). Identifying knowledge and understanding of learning disabilsties in High school stundents classi fied with Learning disabilities (Order No. (28105494).

- Shamir, A., korat, O., & fellah, R. (2012). Promoting Vocabulary, phonological awareness and concept about print among children at risk for Learning disability: can-e- books help. Keading and writing, 25 (1), 45-69.

- Sharma, M & Bewes. J. (2011). Self- Monitoring: confidence, academic achievement and gendor differences in physics, Journal of Learning design, 4 (3): 1-13.